Development of new composite cement based on waste rocks from Djebel Onk phosphate deposit (Tebessa-Algeria)
Authors:
S. I. Zeghina, Laboratory of Valorization of Mining Resources and Environment, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
M. Bounouala, Dr. Sc. (Tech.), Prof., Laboratory of Valorization of Mining Resources and Environment, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
M. Chettibi, Dr. Sc. (Tech.), Prof., Laboratory of Valorization of Mining Resources and Environment, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
A. Benselhoub, PhD, Laboratory of Valorization of Mining Resources and Environment, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract:
Purpose. The main purpose of our research work involves the characterization and environmental management of waste rocks from Djebel Onk phosphate deposit. We propose a valorization of this product as an addition to cement manufacturing technique (the development of a new composite cement based on waste rocks of Djebel Onk phosphate deposit).
Methodology. A comparative study was conducted on the physical and mechanical parameters of the composite cement based on phosphate waste rocks with cement without additions (CWA) and other cements based on pozzolan and the blast-furnace slag additives. These additives make, respectively, at mass contents of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % for each addition.
Findings. The studies and tests conducted have enabled us to deduce that it is clear that the use of phosphate waste rocks as an additive in the manufacture of cement gives better compressive strengths compared to other additives. Thus, this study has shown that it is possible to incorporate a considerable amount of phosphate waste rock from Djebel Onk deposit in the cement.
Originality. It becomes possible to reduce the amount of phosphate waste rocks of Djebel Onk for cost-effectiveness and eliminate their impact from the environmental point of view.
Practical value. The reuse of waste as an alternative raw material in building materials is a promising environmental solution. This way of valorization reduces large quantities of tailings and thus their environmental impact, as well as contributes to the preservation of non-renewable natural resources intensively used in construction (clays, limestone, sand, and others).
References.
1. Taha Yacin (2017). Valorization of mining waste in the manufacture of cooked bricks: technical and environmental assessments (Thesis presented as partial requirement of the doctorate in environmental sciences). University of Quebec in Abitibi Temiscamingue in cotutelle with the University of Cadi Ayyad, Morocco. https://doi.org/depositum.uqat.ca/id/eprint/697.
2. Senhadji, Y., Escadeillas, G., Mouli, M., Khelafi, H., & Benosman, S. (2014). Influence of natural pozzolan, silica fume and limestone fine on strength, acid resistance and microstructure of mortar. Powder Technology, 254, 314-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.10.046.
3. People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, Ministry of Spatial Planning and Environment (2002). National Environmental Action Plan for the Environment and Sustainable Development (PNAE-DD). Retrieved from http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/812481468742850420/Algeria-National-Environmental-Action-Plan-for-sustainable-development-Staff-sector-assessment-note.
4. Abdoulaye Thiam, Alpha Ousmane Toure, Falilou Mbacké Samb, Codou Gueye, & Mar Diop (2015). Addition of calcium silicate and calcium fluoride mixture to clinker-based mortars. Journal de la Société Ouest-Africaine de Chimie, 40, 41-44.
5. Deboucha, N., Leklou, N., Khelidj, A., Pertue, A., & Oudjit, M. N. (2017). The effect of blast furnace steel on the porosity of the mortar. In 35th university meetings of civil engineering of the university association of civil engineering. Nantes (FRANCE), May 22–24, 2017. Retrieved from https: org/rugc17.sciencesconf.org/.
6. Chaib, O., Mouli, M., Hanifi, M., Hamadache, M., Benosman, S., & Dif, F. (2015). Study of the influence of natural pozzolan on the mechanical strength of mortars based on composite cements. In 33rd Meeting of the AUGC, Aquitain Superior Institute of Building and Public Works – ISA-BTP. University of Peu and Pays de l’Adour, Anglet, May 27–29, 2015. Retrieved from https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01167742/.
7. Algerian standard NA 229 “Cement: determination of the normal consistency of the cement paste” (2016). Official journal of the Algerian republic NA 27.
8. Algerian standard NA 442 “Cement: composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements” (2016). Official journal of the Algerian republic NA 27.
9. Algerian standard NA 234 “Test methods for cement – determination of mechanical strength” (2016). Official journal of the Algerian republic NA 27.
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