Науковий вісник НГУ

The concept of creating a maneuverable power plant based on a small modular reactor

• 
• 

User Rating:  / 0

PoorBest 

Details

Category: Content №5 2024

Last Updated on 29 October 2024

Published on 30 November -0001

Hits: 647

Authors:

A.V.Rusanov, orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-8974, Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A.O.Kostikov, orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-1942, Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.O.Tarasova*, orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-7619, Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine,  e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

R.A.Rusanov, orcid.org/0000-0003-2930-2574, Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine,  e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

S.P.Tretiak, orcid.org/0009-0008-1265-4227, JSC “UkrGasVydobuvannya”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

* Corresponding author e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

повний текст / full article

Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2024, (5): 037 - 044

https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-5/037

Abstract:

Purpose. To develop a maneuverable power plant (MPP) based on the NuScale small modular reactor (SMR) by selecting a thermal scheme structure for a steam turbine installation using minimal additional equipment and ensuring its operation in both nominal and peak modes with maximum efficiency. This also includes ensuring its maneuverability through the use of hydrogen technologies for generating, storing, and returning energy to the steam turbine cycle.

Methodology. The study employed the method of mathematical modeling of thermodynamic cycles of thermal schemes of steam turbine installations (STI) with concentrated parameters, which makes it possible to describe the dynamics of systems consisting of discrete elements that are thermodynamic systems.

Findings. Various structural options for the thermal scheme of the MPP based on the NuScale SMR for nominal operation were developed and mathematically modeled, followed by a comparative analysis of their energy efficiency. As a result, a scheme and operational parameters were selected with the highest electrical efficiency (net), which allows increasing the net efficiency of the NuScale SMR-based power plant from the developers’ announced 28 to 32.8 %. A thermal scheme for the MPP based on the SMR with an energy storage system was proposed. Applying this scheme allows increasing the net efficiency of a power plant based on NuScale SMR in peak mode to 34.8 %.

Originality. A concept for creation and schematic solution for a prospective MPP based on an SMR capable of accumulating electrical energy was proposed. The main innovative solution regarding the structure of the technological scheme of the MPP based on the SMR is the organization of its operation in nominal and peak modes, which fundamentally differ in the thermodynamic cycle. In the nominal mode, the steam turbine installation operates on a thermodynamic cycle with steam separation, and in the peak mode without it, by increasing the temperature of fresh steam as a result of burning hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced in an electrolyzer during the power plant’s operation in the nominal mode by using the generated electricity “excess”.

Practical value. Small modular reactors are currently mainly in the development stage. Additionally, the non-nuclear part of the SMR-based power plant, namely the STI, has not received sufficient attention, as evidenced by the literature. However, it plays a crucial role in the overall efficiency of the installation. The study focuses on the highly relevant issue of improving the efficiency of an SMR-based power plant by developing the structure of the STI thermal scheme involving hydrogen technologies. This will help reduce dependence on fossil hydrocarbons in the total volume of primary fuel and enable sustainable functioning of the Ukrainian energy system, as well as contribute to the preservation and improvement of the environmental state.

Keywords: energy efficiency, thermal scheme, thermodynamic cycle, energy storage, hydrogen technologies, electrolyzer

References.

1. Ho, M., Obbard, E., Burrb, P.A., & Yeoh, G. (2019). A review on the development of nuclear power reactors. Energy Procedia, 160, 459-466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.193.

2. Kessler, G. (2012). Sustainable and safe nuclear fission energy technology and safety of fast and thermal nuclear reactors. Springer, 466. ISBN 978-3-642-11989-7.

3. World Nuclear Industry Status Report (2018). A Mycle Schneider Consulting Project, 289. Retrieved from https://www.worldnuclearreport.org/IMG/pdf/wnisr2018-v2-hr.pdf.

4. Nuclear Power Reactors in the World (2023). IAEA. Vienna, 102. Retrieved from https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/RDS-2-43_web.pdf.

5. Reactor Database (2024). World Nuclear Association Retrieved from https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/facts-and-figures/reactor-database.aspx.

6. Michaelson, D., & Jiang, J. (2021). Review of integration of small modular reactors in renewable energy microgrids. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 152, 111638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111638.

7. Ingersoll, D.T. (2016). Small Modular Reactors. Nuclear Power Fad or Future? Elsevier Ltd. ISBN 978-0-08-100252-0.

8. Small Modular Reactors: Challenges and Opportunities (2021). Nuclear Technology Development and Economics, NEA: OECD, 7560, Retrieved from https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_57979/small-modular-reactors-challenges-and-opportunities?details=true.

9. Advances in Small Modular Reactor Technology Developments (2018). IAEA, ARIS. Retrieved from https://aris.iaea.org/Publications/SMR-Book_2018.pdf.

10. Hussein, E. M. A. (2020). Emerging small modular nuclear power reactors: A critical review. Physics Open, 5, 100038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2020.100038.

11. NuScale Power Schedules 2023 First Quarter Conference Call on May 9, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.nuscalepower.com/en/news/press-releases/2023/nuscale-power-schedules-2023-first-quarter-conference-call-on-may-9-2023.

12. Borissova, A., & Popov, D. (2020). An option for integration of Carnot Battery into a small Nuclear Power Plant. Thermal Equipment, Heat and Mass Transfer Processes. E3S Web of Conferences, 207, 01027. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020701027.

13. Norouzi, N., Talebi, S., & Najafi, P. (2020). Thermal-hydraulic efficiency of a modular reactor power plant by using the second law of thermodynamic. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 151, 107936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2020.107936.

14. Khalid, F., & Bicer, Y. (2019). Energy and exergy analyses of a hybrid small modular reactor and wind turbine system for trigeneration. Energy Science and Engineering, 7, 2336-2350. https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.327.

15. Wang, L., Yang, Y., Morosuk, T., & Tsatsaronis, G. (2012). Advanced Thermodynamic Analysis and Evaluation of a Supercritical Power Plant. Energies, 5(6), 1850-1863. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5061850.

16. Yang, Y., Wang, L., Dong, Ch., Xu, G., Morosuk, T., & Tsatsaronis, G.  (2013). Comprehensive exergy-based evaluation and parametric study of a coal-fired ultra-supercritical power plant. Applied Energy, 112(C), 1087-1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.063.

17. Bejan, A., & Tsatsaronis, G. (2021). Purpose in Thermodynamics. Energies, 14, 408-433. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14020408.

18. Olaniyi, O., Incer-Valverde, J., Tsatsaronis, G., & Morosuk, T. (2023). Exergetic and Economic Evaluation of Natural Gas/Hydrogen Blends for Power Generation. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 145(6), 062701. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056448.

19. Ferroni, L., & Natale, A. (2018). Exergy Analysis of a PWR Nuclear Steam Supply System-Part I, General theoretical model. 73^rd Conference of the Italian Thermal Engineering Association (ATI2018), 12–14 September 2018, Pisa, Italy. Energy Procedia, 148(2018), 1230-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.006.

20. Field, R. M. (2017). AM600: A New Look at the Nuclear Steam Cycle. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 49(3), 621-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2016.11.002.

21. Khan, A. H., Hossain, Sh., Hasan, M., Md. Islam, Sh., Md. Rahman, M., & Kim, J. H. (2022). Development of an optimized thermodynamic model for VVER-1200 reactor-based nuclear power plants using genetic algorithm. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61(11), 9129-9148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2022.02.052.

22. Minko, О. М., & Shevchenko, V. V. (2019). Heat utilization power station (Ukraine patent No. 135396).

23. Shutenko, М. А. (2010). A method for producing electrical energy with the simultaneous use of heat released during the fission of nuclear fuel and during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel. (Ukraine patent No. 102096).

24. Yurin, V. E., & Egorov, A. N. (2018). Research of the efficiency of combining nuclear power plants with a multifunctional autonomous hydrogen energy complex. IOP Conference Series: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1111, 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1111/1/012024.

25. Field, R. M. (2017). AM600: A New Look at the Nuclear Steam Cycle. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 49(3), 621-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2016.11.002.

26. Rusanov, A. V., Shubenko, A. L., Senetskyi, O. V., Babenko, O. A., & Rusanov, R. A. (2019). Heating modes and design optimization of cogeneration steam turbines of powerful units of combined heat and power plant. Energetika, 65(1), 39-50.

27. Mazur, A., Tarasova, V., Kuznetsov, M., & Kostikov, A. (2023). Development of a steam turbine rational thermal scheme for a small modular reactor power plant. IEEE 4 ^th KhPI Week on Advanced Technology, KhPI Week 2023 – Conference Proceedings, 141-146. https://doi.org/10.1109/KhPIWeek61412.2023.10312922.

28. Rusanov, А. V., Kostikov, А. О., Rusanov, R. А., Tarasova, V. О., Solovei, V. V., & Tretiak, S. P. (2024). Maneuverable power plant based on a small modular reactor with an energy storage system. (Ukraine patent No. 156084).

29. Rusanov, A. V., Lampart, P., Pashchenko, N. V., & Rusanov, R. A. (2016). Modelling 3D steam turbine flow using thermodynamic properties of steam IAPWS-95. Polish Maritime Research, 23(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2016-0009.

• < Prev
• Next >