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Structuring of rock and formation of quasicrystals

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Category: Geology

Last Updated on 29 July 2014

Published on 17 October 2013

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Authors:

V.A. Baranov, Dr. Sci. (Geol.), Senior Research Fellow, N.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Head of Laboratory, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine

Abstract:

Purpose. To obtain new data about structural formation of rocks and minerals.

Methodology. The research was conducted with the help of optical and electronic microscopes; samples were taken from bore specimen as well as from mine workings at Donetsk coal basin and Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin. The samples were used for preparing thin sections, two-stage carbon replicas, grab samples, and polished sections. There were also studied other solids: minerals, mineraloids, artificial solids, rocks.

Findings. It is set that under certain conditions structures which have regular geometrical shapes appear in different matters. These forms have different names: jointing, blockiness, negative crystals et al. At the end of the last century it was offered to name them all quasicrystals. These structures are formed in rocks, minerals, living organisms, artificial matters. The findings of the research on formation conditions of quasicrystals in rocks and minerals are presented. We have come to the conclusion that quasicrystal formation results from transformation of solid to the lower energy level, similar to crystallization. Externally derived excess energy is converted into formation of specific quasistructure (similar to long-range order) in rocks, minerals, and mineraloids. The structuring process under changing thermodynamic conditions is characterized by entropy suppression. The described process is often referred to differently: synergetics, selforganizing, structuring. We have drawn the conclusion that this property is transitional form between the crystalline and amorphous state of matter.

Originality and practical value. The study of the new state has both scientific value (determination of principles of formation of quasicrystals in different minerals, ores and nonmetallic minerals) and applied relevance (prediction of fault zones in coals and on boundaries of blocks of different size, association of augmented ore content in these zones (especially in joints, i.e. point of intersection of fracture zone), influence of the above mentioned zones and conditions of quasicrystals formation on the minerals’ treatment and further enrichment methods. Structuring of the solid and formation of quasicrystals are two interrelated processes reflecting the conditions of formation and transformation of rocks and hosted minerals. 

References:

1. Baranov, V.A. (2000), Structural transformation of Donbass sandstones and prediction of outburst hazard. Abstract of Dr. Sci. (Geol.) dissertation, National Mining Academy of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk.

Баранов В.А. Структурные преобразования песчаников Донбасса и прогноз их выбросоопасности: автореферат диссертации на соискание учeной степени доктора геологических наук / В.А. Баранов – Днепропетровск: НГА Украины, 2000. – 35 с.

2. Baranov, V.A. (1997), “One-way (directed) isotropy in rocks as a consequence of structuring nonequilibrium systems”, Proc. of the Conf. “High-energy-rate processing of materials”, National Mining Academy of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk, pp. 138–141.

Баранов В.А. Односторонняя (направленная) изотропия в горных породах как следствие структурирования неравновесных систем: матер. конф. „Высокоэнергетическая обработка материалов“ / В.А. Баранов – Днепропетровск: НГАУ, 1997. – С. 138–141.

3. Baranov, V.A. (1997), “One-way (directed) isotropy in rocks as a consequence of structuring nonequilibrium systems”, Proc. of the Conf. “High-energy-rate processing of materials”, National Mining Academy of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk, pp. 138–141.

Баранов В.А. Результаты исследований квазикристаллов различных веществ под электронным микроскопом / В.А. Баранов // Геотехническая механика. – Днепропетровск, 2001. – № 27.– С. 140–144.

4. Klimontovich, N.Yu. Bez formul o sinergetike [On Synergetics without Formulae], Vysshaya shkola, Minsk, Belarus.

Климонтович Н.Ю. Без формул о синергетике / Климонтович Н.Ю. – Минск: Высш. шк. – 223 с. – Режим доступа: http://chelib.ru/main/index.php

5. Volarovich, M.P., Tomashevskaya, I.S. and Budnikov, V.A., Mekhanika gornykh porod pri vysokhihkh davleniyakh [Mechanics of Rocks under High Pressure], Nauka, Moscow, Russia.

Воларович М.П. Механика горных пород при высоких давлениях / Воларович М.П., Томашевская И.С., Будников В.А. – М.: Наука. – 152 с. – Режим доступа: http:// www. geolcom.ru/lib/geofizika/fizicheskie-svoistva-mineralov-i-gornykh-porod-pri-vysokikh-termodinamicheskikh-parame

6. Vaisburd, D.I., Semin, B.M. and Tavanov, Z.G., [High-Energy-Rate Electronics of a Solid Body], Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Высокоэнергетическая электроника твердого тела / Д.И. Вайсбурд, Б.М. Семин, З.Г. Таванов и др. – Новосибирск: Наука. – 225 с. – Режим доступа: http: // urss.ru/cgi-bin/ db.pl?lang = Ru&blang=ru&page=Book&id=125250

7. Baranov, V.A. (1998), “Quasicrystals in quartz of Donbass sandstones”, Geotekhnicheskaya mekhanika, no. 10, pp. 35–40.

Баранов В.А. Квазикристаллы в кварце песчаников Донбасса / В.А. Баранов // Геотехническая механика. – 1998. – № 10. – С. 35–40.

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