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The energy technological background of involving salty coals into energy balance of Ukraine. 2. Natural minerals as catalysts of thermochemical conversion of salty coals in various conditions

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Category: Contens №6 2019

Last Updated on 01 January 2020

Published on 23 December 2019

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Authors:

A.I.Fateyev, orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-3703, Coal Energy Technology Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

T.G.Shendrik, Dr. Sc. (Chem.), Prof., orcid.org/0000-0001-6629-6471, L. M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical-Organic and Coal Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

N.I.Dunayevska, Dr. Sc. (Tech.), orcid.org/0000-0003-3271-8204, Coal Energy Technology Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 повний текст / full article

Salt coal (SC) of the Northern Donbas in the list of non-project fuels is a perspective source of energy in Ukraine under the conditions of occurrence and reserves. This is due to its relatively high energy (fuel) characteristics and the presence in its composition of the natural catalytic complex - the increased content of salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals and trace elements. These impurities, on the one hand, can lead to some burning problems, but can also have a positive effect when such coal in mixtures with other less reactional fuels is used.

Purpose. Determination of the influence of water-soluble compounds (chlorides and sulphates of sodium, calcium, magnesium, etc.) on the thermolysis (combustion) processes of salt coal of Bohdanivsk deposit (the Northern Donbas) at different temperatures.

Methodology. Samples of desalted coal were obtained using previously optimized parameters of the process aqueous extraction (time, temperature, and solid to liquid phase ratio). The elemental composition and technical characteristics of coal are determined by appropriate standard methods. The dynamics of gas emission and combustion of coke residues of salty and desalted coal was determined using the “Pyrolysis M” installation. The MX-1215 mass spectrometer was used as a gas analyzer. The kinetic parameters of the process were calculated based on the Arrhenius law.

Findings. The changes in the elemental composition of the organic mass of coal (OMC) occurring during the purification of salty coal by water extraction are determined. Experimental studies have been conducted on the combustion of salty and desalted coal of the Bohdanivsk deposit in the temperature range of 550‒850 ^oС. It has been determined that native water-soluble minerals of salty coal lead to intensification of ignition processes, accelerated yield of gaseous products (H₂, CO, CO₂) and changes in the gas content ratio. The activation energy of combustion coke residual salty and desalted coal has been determined.

Originality. Some characteristics of combustion of salty and desalted coal are compared. It is shown that aqueous extraction of salty coal leads to improvement of the fuel and energy characteristics. It is established that salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals, which are a part of salty coal, are natural catalysts for the processes of thermolysis and burning of organic mass of coal. It is determined that in the temperature range of 550‒850 ^оС, depending on the fractional composition of the sample, the water-soluble salt complex accelerates the emission (elimination) of hydrogen by 3‒4 times, carbon monoxide by 2‒3.5 times, carbon dioxide by 2.5 to 3 times.

Practical value. The studyshows the prospect of involving salt coal to the fuel base of Ukraine, not only as a separate fuel, while reducing the concentration of harmful impurities (by water extraction), and as a component of blended fuels to increase the reactivity of composite fuel raw materials.

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