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Ways of reduction of technogenic pollution of the near-earth space

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Category: Environmental safety, labour protection

Last Updated on 10 July 2014

Published on 10 July 2014

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Authors:

N.M. Dron, Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Professor, Oles Gonchar Dnepropetrovsk National University, Professor of Engineering and Design Department, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine

P.G. Horolsky, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Senior Research Scientist, Oles Gonchar Dnepropetrovsk National University, Leading Research Scientist, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine

L.G. Dubovik, Oles Gonchar Dnepropetrovsk National University, Senior Research Scientist, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine

Abstract:

Purpose. Our research is directed on the solution of one of the most important problems of the space use, a problem of space debris on the near-earth orbits.

Methodology. We have analysed the existing ecological condition of the space environment and defined the major factors of its pollution in order to find basic ways of reduction of space debris on near-earth orbits.

Findings. We have established that the major factors of pollution of the near-earth space are spent stages of launch vehicles and accelerating units, out-of-service space vehicles, fragments of destroyed artificial space objects, operational elements etc. Space debris is concentrated on low orbits and around the geostationary orbit. They are in most common use so they became the most polluted. The basic ways of the space debris reduction are prevention of further pollution and removal of the already existing debris. We have considered the methods and means of withdrawal of space craft from working orbits upon termination of their active utilization and known ways and systems of active removal of fragments of space debris.

Originality. We have described the conceptual measures of space pollution reduction.

Practical value. The described activities are of importance as the outer space exploration gives huge advantage and significant progress to mankind. But further operation at near space by existing methods without acceptance of the measures listed in the article can make its further safe development impossible in the near future.

References:

1. Orbital Debris Quarterly (2013), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Volume 17, Issue 3, 10 p.

2. Kristen Gates(2010), Proceedings of the Astrodynamics Specialists Conference, Toronto, Canada, August 2–5, 2010.

3. Палий А.С. Методы и средства увода космических аппаратов с рабочих орбит (Состояние проблемы): сб. докладов научной конференции „Информационные технологии в управлении сложными системами“ / А.С. Палий – Днепропетровск: изд-во „Свидлер А.Л.“, 2011. – С. 94–102.

Paliy, A.C. (2011), “Methods and means of withdrawal of space vehicles from working orbits (A problem Condition)”, The collection of reports of scientific conference “Information Technology in Control of Difficult Systems”, pub. House “Svidler A.L.”, Dnipropetrovsk, pp. 94–102

4. Bombardelli, C., Herrera-Montojo, J. and Gonzalo, J.; Technical University of Madrid (2013), “Multiple Removal of Spent Rocket Upper Stages with an Ion Beam Sheph”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013.

5. Schaub, H. and Sternovsky, Z.; University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Univ. of ColoradoActive (2013), “Space Debris Charging for Electrostatic Disposal Maneuvers”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013.

6. Rizzitelli, F.; Bellini, N., Candini, G. P. and Ditaranto, A.; University of Bologna; University of Rome (2013). “Active Debris System based on Polyurethane Foam”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013.

7. Branz, F., Savioli, L. and Francesconi, A.; University of Padova - CISAS “G. Colombo”; Simon Fraser University (2013), “Soft-Docking system for capture of irregularly shaped, uncontrolled space objects”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013.

8. Liedahl, D., Rubenchik, A. and Libby, S.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Photonic Associates, LLC (2013), “Pulsed Laser Interactions with space debris: Target shape effects”,Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013.

9. Reed, J. (2013), “Development of harpoon system for capturing space debris”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April, 2013.

Emanuelli, M., Nasseri, A., Raval, S., etc.; Space Generation Advisory Council; University of Toronto; Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology; University of Surrey; University of Cape Town; South African Astronomical Observatory; Dresden (2013), “Active space debris removal using European modified launch vehicle upper stages equipped with electrodynamic tethers”, Proceedings of the sixth conference on space debris, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 22–25 April 2013..

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