Study of physical and chemical properties of edaphotopes of the waste dumps at coal mines in the Novovolynsk mining area
- Details
- Category: Environmental Safety, Labour Protection
- Last Updated on 10 November 2019
- Published on 26 October 2019
- Hits: 2532
Authors:
V.V.Popovych, Dr. Sc. (Tech.), Assoc. Prof., orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-0147, Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Ya.V.Henyk, Dr. Sc. (Agroc.), Assoc. Prof., orcid.org/0000-0002-6079-6827, National Forestry Engineering University of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
А.І.Voloshchyshyn, orcid.org/0000-0003-3174-9965, Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
L.V.Sysa, Cand. Sc. (Chem.), Assoc. Prof., orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-2750, Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract:
Purpose. To define the influence of physical and chemical properties of edaphotopes that are formed at mine dumps within the Novovolynsk mining area (Ukraine) on the biogenic component of the region’s ecological safety.
Methodology. The genetic horizons and the soils classification have been described according to the provisions of “Atlas of Soils”. Physico-chemical research on edaphotopes and soils within the horizons were conducted by the methods of N.B. Myakina and E. V. Arinushkina. The granulometric soil composition was determined by N. A. Kachinskii Method, with preparation by the pyrophosphate method; humus – by the Tyurin Method in the modification of Nikitin; pH of water and salt extracts – by the potentiometry method; hydrolytic acidity and the sum of imbibed bases – according to Kappen Method; degree of saturation with bases – by the calculation method; exchangeable calcium and magnesium – by the method of complexometry; easily hydrolyzable nitrogen – according to the Kornfield Method; mobile potassium – by the methods of Chirikov (non-carbonate samples) and Protasova (carbonate samples); mobile phosphorus – by the methods of Chirikov (non-carbonate samples) and Machigin (carbonate samples); СО2 of carbonates – by means of a calcimeter according to Geisler-Maksimyuk Method. The software included a package of application programs Surfer, MS Excel, MS Visio, Paint. The rock temperature was set using an HP-1300 pyrometer. Rock moisture was measured using a MG-44 moisture meter. The level of radiation background was measured with the use of “Soeks” environmental tester.
Findings. During field studies in the Novovolynsk mining area, it was found that coal mine dumps are represented by three types of edaphotopes – rock (black) refuse, burnt (gray) rock and bulk soil mixtures. It has been established that the black burnt rock of the waste heap (light loamy soils) contains a significant amount of nitrogen, while the clay mass and middle loamy burnt rock has a very high content of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen (46.2 mg/100 g of rock). The study of burnt gray rock near the ignition sources at No. 9 Novovolynska mine showed that it is characterized by a high content of organic acids of unknown origin. The humus content in reclaimed soils is 0.45–4.52 %, and according to the humus gradation, they can be assigned to the group of soils with low humus content. The high acidity of the soil mixtures on the reclaimed waste heap at No. 2 Novovolynska mine suppresses the development of tree-shrubbery vegetation and slows its growth.
Originality. It has been found that edaphotopes of waste dumps at coal mines of the Novovolynsk mining area are characterized by a low level of supply with organic substances, but high acidity. The patterns of changes in the temperature and humidity conditions of the waste dump have been determined, where the combustion processes are still observed. It has been proved that burning of dumps determines the change in the physical-chemical properties of the rock refuse and has a direct influence on the development of tree-shrubbery vegetation.
Practical value. The established physical and chemical properties of edaphotopes, which are formed under the influence of temperature and humidity conditions at mine dumps within the Novovolynsk mining area, are recommended to be taken into account for substantiation of the choice of tree and shrub vegetation types when conducting the works on phytomelioration.The obtained data on temperature conditions should be taken into account when developing the plans to prevent spontaneous ignition and extinguishing of waste dumps, as well as in case of their further reclamation.
References.
1. Kolesnik, V. Ye., Fedotov, V. V., & Buchavy, Yu. V. (2012). Generalized algorithm of diversification of waste rock dump handling technologies in coal mines. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 4, 138-142.
2. Gorova, A., Pavlychenko, A., Borysovs’ka, O., & Krups’ka, L. (2013). The development of methodology for assessment of environmental risk degree in mining regions. Annual Scientific-Technical Colletion – Mining of Mineral Deposit, 207-209. DOI: 10.1201/b16354-38.
3. Prokopenko, Ye. V. (2011). Graph theory application to build chronolithologic model of waste dump formation. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 5, 28-30.
4. Popovich, V. V. (2016). Phytomeliorative recovery in reduction of multi-element anomalies influence ofdevastated landscapes. Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University, 6(1), 94-114. DOI: 10.15421/201606.
5. Popovych, V., Kuzmenko, O., Voloshchyshyn, A., & Petlovanyi, M. (2018). Influence of man-made edaphotopes of the spoil heap on biota. E3S Web of Conferences, 60. 00010. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20186000010.
6. Petlovanyi, M., Kuzmenko, O., Lozynskyi, V., Popovych, V., Sai, K., & Saik, P. (2019). Review of man-made mineral formations accumulation and prospects of their developing in mining industrial regions in Ukraine. Mining of Mineral Deposits, 13(1), 24-38. DOI: 10.33271/mining13.01.024.
7. Schwabe, R., Retamal-Morales, G., Bravo, A., Humeres, M.-J., Tischler, D., Schlömann, M., Levican, G., & Wiche, O. (2018). Siderophores for selective solid phase extraction of strategic elements. Applied Biotechnology in Mining: Proceedings of the International Conference. 19. Retrieved from http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/152881.
8. Buzylo, V., Pavlychenko, A., Borysovska, O., & Gruntova, V. (2015). Technological and environmental aspects of the liquidation of coal mines. New Developments in Mining Engineering: Theoretical and Practical Solutions of Mineral Resources Mining, 75-79. DOI: 10.1201/b19901-15.
9. Heilmeier, H., & Wiche, O. (2018). The PCA of phytomining: principles, challenges and advances. Applied Biotechnology in Mining: Proceedings of the International Conference. 26. Retrieved from http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/152889.
10. Bosak, P. (2019). Spontaneous combustion of coal mine dumps in the Novovolynsk mining industrial area. The second round table: Ecological impact of fire. Deforestation and forest degradation.Reclamation of devastated landscapes, 3-4.
11. Voloshchyshyn, A., & Popovych, V. (2019). Impact of coal-mining waste burning on the environment. The second round table: Ecological impact of fire. Deforestation and forest degradation. Reclamation of devastated landscapes,37-39.
12. Sýkorová, I., Kříbek, B., Martina Havelcová, M., Machovič, V., Laufek, F., Veselovský, F., … & Majer, V. (2018). Hydrocarbon condensates and argillites in the Eliška Mine burnt coal waste heap of the Žacléř coal district (Czech Republic): Products of high- and low-temperature stages of self-ignition. International Journal of Coal Geology, 190, 146-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2017.11.003.
13. Košek, F., Culka, A., Drahota, P., & Jehlička, J. (2017). Applying portable Raman spectrometers for field discrimination of sulfates: Training for successful extraterrestrial detection. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48(8), 1085-1093. DOI: 10.1002/jrs.5174.
14. Koščova, M., Hellmer, M., Anyona, S., & Gvozdkova, T. (2018). Geo-Environmental Problems of Open Pit Mining: Classification and Solutions. E3S Web of Conferences, (41), 01034. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20184101034.
15. Chelovechkova, A., Komissarova, I., & Eremin, D. (2018). Using basic hydrophysical characteristics of soils in calculating capacity of water-retaining fertile layer in recultivation of dumps of mining and oil industry. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, (194), 092004. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/194/9/092004.
16. Yuan, Y., Zhao, Z., Li, X., Wang, Y., & Bai, Z. (2018). Characteristics of labile organic carbon fractions in reclaimed mine soils: Evidence from three reclaimed forests in the Pingshuo opencast coal mine, China. Science of The Total Environment, (613-614), 1196-1206. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.170.
17. Šebelíková, L., Csicsek, G., Kirmer, A., Vítovcová, K., Ortmann-Ajkai, A., Prach, K., & Řehounková, K. (2018). Spontaneous revegetation versus forestry reclamation – vegetation development in coal mining spoil heaps across Central Europe. Land degradation and development, 30(3), 348-356. DOI: 10.1002/ldr.3233.
18. Bai Z., Liu X., Fan X., Zhu C., & Yang R. (2018). Ecological reconstruction research and practice in the large open-pit coal mine of the Loess Plateau, China. Bio-Geotechnologies for Mine Site Rehabilitation, 323-333. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-812986-9.00018-X.
19. Rysbekov, K., Huayang, D., Kalybekov, T., Sandybekov, M., Idrissov, K., Zhakypbek, Y., & Bakhmagambetova, G. (2019). Application features of the surface laser scanning technology when solving the main tasks of surveying support for reclamation. Mining of Mineral Deposits, 13(3), 40-48. DOI: 10.33271/mining13.03.040.
20. Malanchuk, Z. R. (2019). Substantiating parameters of zeolite-smectite puff-stone washout and migration within an extraction chamber. Preprint, (6), 1-9.
21. Kompała-Bąba, A., Bierza, W., Błońska, A., Sierka, E., Magurno, F., Chmura, D., & Woźniak, G. (2019). Vegetation diversity on coal mine spoil heaps – how important is the texture of the soil substrate? Biologia, 74(4), 419-436. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00218-x.
22. Karabyn, V., Shtain, B., & Popovych, V. (2018). Thermal regimes of spontaneous firing coal washing waste sites. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences, 3(429), 64-74.