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Protection of public relations in the field of amber mining in Ukraine: legal aspect

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Category: Content №6 2021

Last Updated on 29 December 2021

Published on 30 November -0001

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Authors:

Y.A.Kholod, orcid.org/0000-0003-1264-7656, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

I.M.Pogrebnoy, orcid.org/0000-0002-1291-9837, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

K.O.Chyshko, orcid.org/0000-0001-8810-7950, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

D.S.Heta, orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-4846, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

O.P.Shaituro, orcid.org/0000-0002-0614-0595, Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

повний текст / full article

Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2021, (6): 124 - 128

https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-6/124

Abstract:

Purpose. Defining legal means of protection of public relations in the field of amber mining in Ukraine, providing scientific and practical interpretation of protection legislation in this area and scientifically sound recommendations for its improvement.

Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is a system of general and special methods of cognition: the dialectical method was used to learn the essence of such a phenomenon as the protection of public relations in the field of amber mining in Ukraine; the system-structural method in the analysis of forms of socially dangerous acts of crimes under Art. Art. 240, 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; the logical-dogmatic method when interpreting certain terms used in the sciences of geology, administrative and criminal law, contained in the provisions of current legislation, as well as in formulating definitions of legal concepts and developing recommendations for improving legal norms; the comparative law method in the study on the ratio of socially dangerous acts under Art. Art. 201-1, 240, 240-1, 305 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; general methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, generalization) in the study on scientific and regulatory sources.

Findings. As a result of the study, the inconsistency of certain norms of criminal, administrative and customs legislation was established, which form the components of offenses in the field of illegal amber mining in Ukraine and establish the types and extent of responsibility for their commission, in particular: competition of certain norms, their inefficiency, disproportionate severity violation of the degree of their social danger. The scientific and practical interpretation is given of the forms of socially dangerous act provided by Art. 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, a comparative analysis is conducted of criminal, administrative and customs offenses in this area and proposals are provided to improve criminal, administrative and customs legislation, the rules of which protect public relations in the field of amber mining in Ukraine.

Originality. It is proposed: 1) to supplement the Criminal Code of Ukraine, Art. 240-2, which provides for criminal liability for amber smuggling; 2) to supplement Chapter 68 of the Customs Code of Ukraine with Article 483-1, which provides for administrative liability for smuggling of amber in small amounts; 3) to supplement the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses with Article 58-2, which provides for administrative liability for illegal extraction of amber, its sale, purchase, storage, transfer, shipment, transportation, processing in small amounts.

Practical value. Proposals to improve the current criminal, administrative and customs legislation are aimed at improving the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies against illegal amber mining in Ukraine.

Keywords: protection of subsoil of Ukraine, illegal amber mining, criminal and administrative liability

References.

1. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2003). About the statement of the instruction on application of Classification of reserves and resources of minerals of the state fund of subsoil to amber deposits: the order of the State commission on reserves of minerals from 10.02.2003 No. 29. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0155-03#Text.

2. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2020). On approval of lists of minerals of state and local significance: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 12.12.1994 No. 827. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/827-94-%D0%BF#Text.

3. Legislation of Ukraine (n.d.). Explanatory note to the draft Law of Ukraine of December 26, 2014 No. 1351-1 On the extraction and sale of amber. Retrieved from https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/GH11J1AA?an=4.

4. Rudko, H.I. (2019). Amber deposits of Ukraine and prospects for their development. Mineral resources of Ukraine, (2), 18-21.

5. Tsymbaliuk, V.I. (2019). Problems of legal regulation of amber mining. Young scientist, (12.1), 71-73.

6. Kazak, R. (2017). Development of Legal Norms on Biodiversity Protection Reflecting EU Trends. Environmental Policy and Law, 47(3-4), 147-152.

7. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2019). On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Improvement of Legislation on the Extraction of Amber and Other Minerals: Law of Ukraine of December 19, 2019 No. 402. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/402-20#Text.

8. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2021). Criminal Code of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of 05.04.2001 No. 2341-III. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#n2115.

9. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (n.d.). Code of Ukraine on subsoil: Law of Ukraine of 27.07.1994 No. 132/94-. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/132/94-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text.

10. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (n.d.). Tax Code of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of 02.12.2010 No. 2755-VI (2021). Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2755-17#Text.

11. Land Code of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of 25.10.2001 No. 2768-III (2021). Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2768-14#Text.

12. Melnyk, M.I., & Khavroniuk, M.I. (Eds.) (2018). Scientific and practical commentary on the Criminal Code of Ukraine (10^th ed.). (pp. 825-826; 908-941). Kyiv: VD Dakor.

13. Volnenko, S.O., Melnychuk, H.V., Kurepa, Ya.S., & Mamchur,S.V. (2017). Exploratory methods of amber mining in Ukrainian Polissya. News of the Donetsk Mining Institute, 1(40), 118.

14. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (n.d.). Customs Code of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of 13.03.2012 No. 4495-VI. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1970-12#Text.

15. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (n.d.).On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Humanization of Liability for Offenses in the Sphere of Economic Activity: Law of Ukraine of 15.10.2011 No. 4025-VI. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4025-17.

16. How Ukrainian amber is illegally exported to Poland. Volyn Investigation Agency. Retrieved from https://www.openforest.org.ua/27793/.

17. Amber smuggling was seized on the border with Ukraine. Retrieved from https://forpost.lviv.ua/novyny/22258-na-kordoni-z-ukrainoiu-vyluchyly-kontrabandu-burshtynu.

18. In Slovakia, more than 700 kilograms of smuggled amber were seized from Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/burshtyn-z-ukrajiny-zatrzmaly-na-slovachchyni/30278785.html.

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