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Influence of the surface-active substances implementation in the rock failure area on the intensity of rock crushing by means of the pulse loads

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Category: Geotechnical and mining mechanical engineering, machine building

Last Updated on 14 August 2013

Published on 12 November 2012

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Authors:

Ya.S. Doludareva, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Kremenchug Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Technical Mechanics, Kremenchug, Ukraine

T.F. Kozlovskaya, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Kremenchug Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Social Safety, Kremenchug, Ukraine

V.D. Lemizhanskaya, Kremenchug Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Technical Mechanics, Kremenchug, Ukraine

A.I. Komir, Karazin Kharkov National University, Student, Kharkov, Ukraine

Abstract:

Purpose. To estimate the influence of surface active agents in the rock destruction area on the intensity of crushing by the method of impulsive loadings.

Methodology. Application of the explosive non-destructive pulsed stressing to the labradorite samples with subsequent monaxonic compression.

Findings. The surface active agents embedded into the rock microcracks in the area of destruction has reduced ultimate strength of the rock undergoing the static loadings by 23–25% at an average. The obtained results show that the rock strength declines dramatically because of diminishing of the surface energy of contacts between the mineral substances of the rock under the influence of the surface active agents. During the research the influence of environment existing between the charge of explosives and the wall of the blasthole on the efficiency of the explosive energy transmission process and the intensity of the rock crushing was established. When the blasthole is filled with water or a surface active agent solution, the rock crushes into a number of small fragments. This proves the higher efficiency of explosion energy transmission into the rock. During the blasting a certain volume of the explosion energy is spent on the change of kinetic energy of motion of liquid contained in interstices and cracks of the rock massif. The volume depends on the degree of the rock massif watering.

Originality. It was grounded that surface-tension of surface active agent solutions in cracks is caused by adhesion an adsorption process. Thus the interaction of molecules of the surface active agent and the rock surface in a crack is caused by forces of Van der Waals, hydrogen connections, and electrostatic forces. The main role in this process belongs to the decline of the static coefficient of elasticity of the rock caused by the action of forces of surface active agent surface-tension increase and rise of the dynamic modulus of elasticity. This processes result into change of plasticity of rock, and facilitates its crushing and improves quality of the crushed rock mass. We have found out that the non-destructive explosive influence increases the closing of defects of crystalline grate and declines the durability of the rock.

Practical value. The obtained results allow using the surface active agent solutions of different a concentration to regulate the energy of explosive impulse for the purposeful crushing of the rocks in open-cast mines.

References:

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Synbulatov, V.V. (2005), “Directional change of the deformation characteristics of rocks with the surface-active substances”. Proc. of the Ural mining decade, April 4–14, 2005, Yekaterinburg, pp. 19–20.

2. Латышев О.Г. Влияние трещиноватости горных пород на их деформационные характеристики / О.Г. Ла-тышев, С.С. Иванов // Известия высших учебных заведений. Горный журнал. – 1992. – № 3. – С. 23–27.
Latyshev, O.G., Ivanov, S.S. (1992), “The influence of rock fracturing on its deformation characteristics”. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Gornyi zhurnal. no. 3, pp. 23–27.

3. Сынбулатов В.В. Кинетика насыщения горных пород активными растворами / Сынбулатов В.В. // Материалы Уральской горнопромышленной декады 3–13 апреля 2006 г. – Екатеринбург, 2006. – С. 19–20.
Synbulatov, V.V. (2006), “Kinetics of saturation of the rocks with the active substances”. Proc. of the Ural mining decade, April 3–13, 2006, Yekaterinburg, pp. 19–20.

4. Долударева Я.С. Обоснование рациональных параметров и конструкций шпуровых зарядов для снижения разупрочнения горных пород при направленном расколе: автореф. диссерт. на соискание ученой степени канд. техн. наук: спец. 05.15.09 „Геотехническая и горная механика“ / Долударева Яна Станиславовна. – Кременчуг, 2010. – 24 с.
Doludareva, Ya.S. (2010), “Foundation of rational parameters and constructions of blast-hole charges for reducing of the softening of rocks by directional split”, Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Geotekhnicheskaya i gornaya mekhanika, published by M. Ostrohradskyi Kremenchug National University, Kremenchug, Ukraine.

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