Articles

Increased heavy metal concentrations in the soils near electric power generators in Samarra city (Iraq)

• 
• 

User Rating:  / 0

PoorBest 

Details

Category: Content №3 2022

Last Updated on 29 June 2022

Published on 30 November -0001

Hits: 4391

Authors:

Baraa Mohammed Ibrahim Al-Hilali, orcid.org/0000-0001-6590-1086, Biology Department, College of Education, University of Samarra, Samarra, the Republic of Iraq

Yawooz Hameed Mahmood, orcid.org/0000-0001-5997-6276, Biology Department, College of Education, University of Samarra, Samarra, the Republic of Iraq

Mustafa A.Theyab, orcid.org/0000-0003-4711-637X, Applied chemistry Department, College of Applied Sciences, University of Samarra, Samarra, the Republic of Iraq, e-mail: mustafa.a @uosamarra.edu.iq

Marwah M.Rajab, orcid.org/0000-0001-8021-0099, Geology Department, College of Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit, the Republic of Iraq

повний текст / full article

Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2022, (3): 131 - 135

https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2022-3/131

Abstract:

Purpose. To determine the concentration levels of various heavy metals and carbon in the soils of four Samarra City areas that are close to pollution sources (electric power generators).

Methodology. A pollution source is sampled at a distance of 5, 10, 15, and 20 meters. The concentrations of iron (Fe), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) metals, as well as carbon, are then determined.

Findings. It has been determined that the iron and copper concentrations are within the permissible limits prescribed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. However, the soils contaminated with cadmium and lead in concentration exceed the permissible limits. The metal concentrations increase with distance from the source. The metal concentration is low at a distance of 5 m from the pollution source, then it increases at a greater distance. Moreover, metals are found in soils at a distance of 10 m, then their concentration further increases at a distance up to 20 m. Concentrations of metal and carbon at a distance of 20m are the highest.

Originality. This study determines the concentration level of heavy metal contaminants, as well as the impact of electric power generating waste on the metropolis. According to the study, the concentration of these components increases around electric power producers.

Practical value. The concentrations of heavy metals in soils increase as the distance from the source of pollution increases.

Keywords: heavy metals, soil, power generators, cuprum, cadmium, plumbum, ferrum, carbon

References.

1. Fagbote, E.O., & Olanipekun, E.O. (2010). Evaluation of the status of heavy metal pollution of soil and plant (Chromolaena odorata) of Agbabu Bitumen Deposit Area, Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 5(4), 241-248.

2. Kadriu, S., Sadiku, M., Kelmendi, M., & Sadriu, E. (2020). Studying the heavy metals concentration in discharged water from the Trepa Mine and flotation, Kosovo. Mining of Mineral Deposits, 14(4), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.33271/mining14.04.047.

3. Sadiku, M., Kadriu, S., Kelmendi, M., & Latifi, L. (2021). Impact of Artana mine on heavy metal pollution of the Marec river in Kosovo. Mining of Mineral Deposits, 15(2), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.33271/mining15.02.018.

4. Cheng, H., Li, M., Zhao, C., Li, K., Peng, M., Qin, A., & Cheng,X. (2014). Overview of trace metals in the urban soil of 31 metropolises in China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, (139), 31-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.08.012.

5. Ying, L., Shaogang, L., & Xiaoyang, C. (2016). Assessment of heavy metal pollution and human health risk in urban soils of a coal mining city in East China. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(6), 1359-1374. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2016.1174924.

6. Zhang, C., Appel, E., & Qiao, Q. (2012). Heavy metal pollution in farmland irrigated with river water near a steel plant-magnetic and geochemical signature. Geophysical Journal International, 192(3), 963-974. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggs079.

7. Ul Hassan, Z., Ali, S., Rizwan, M., Hussain, A., Akbar, Z., Rasool,N., & Abbas, F. (2017). Role of Zinc in Alleviating Heavy Metal Stress. Essential Plant Nutrients, 351-366. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58841-4_14.

8. Sandeep, G., Vijayalatha, K.R., & Anitha, T. (2019). Heavy metals and its impact in vegetable crops. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 7(1), 1612-1621.

9. Haroon, B., Ping, A., Pervez, A., Faridullah, & Irshad, M. (2018). Characterization of heavy metal in soils as affected by long-term irrigation with industrial wastewater. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, 9(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2018.008.

10. Alghobar, M.A., & Suresha, S. (2017). Evaluation of metal accumulation in soil and tomatoes irrigated with sewage water from Mysore city, Karnataka, India. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 16(1), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2015.02.002.

11. Srivastava, V., Sarkar, A., Singh, S., Singh, P., De Araujo, A.S.F., & Singh, R.P. (2017). Agroecological Responses of Heavy Metal Pollution with Special Emphasis on Soil Health and Plant Performances. Frontiers in Environmental Science, (5), 64. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2017.00064.

12. Kleckerova, A., & Docekalov, H. (2014). Dandelion plants as a biomonitor of urban area contamination by heavy metals. International Journal of Environmental Resources, (8), 157-164.

13. Keshavarzi, B., Mokhtarzadeh, Z., Moore, F., Rastegari Mehr,M., Lahijanzadeh, A., Rostami, S., & Kaabi, H. (2015). Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of Karoon River, Khuzestan Province, Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(23), 19077-19092. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5080-8.

14. Liu, J., Liu, Y.J., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., & Zhang, A.N. (2018). Quantitative contributions of the major sources of heavy metals in soils to ecosystem and human health risks: A case study of Yulin, China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, (164), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.030.

15. Marrugo-Negrete, J., Pinedo-Hernndez, J., & Dez, S. (2017). Assessment of heavy metal pollution, spatial distribution and origin in agricultural soils along the Sin River Basin, Colombia. Environmental Research, (154), 380-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.021.

16. Yan, X., Liu, M., Zhong, J., Guo, J., & Wu, W. (2018). How Human Activities Affect Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil and Sediment in a Long-Term Reclaimed Area of the Liaohe River Delta, North China. Sustainability, 10(2), 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020338.

17. Chaoua, S., Boussaa, S., El Gharmali, A., & Boumezzough, A. (2019). Impact of irrigation with wastewater on accumulation of heavy metals in soil and crops in the region of Marrakech in Morocco. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 18(4), 429-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2018.02.003.

18. Jan, A., Azam, M., Siddiqui, K., Ali, A., Choi, I., & Haq, Q. (2015). Heavy Metals and Human Health: Mechanistic Insight into Toxicity and Counter Defense System of Antioxidants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(12), 29592-29630. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226183.

19. Ahmed, A. (2018). Heavy metal pollution A mini review. Journal of Bacteriology & Mycology: Open Access, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.15406/jbmoa.2018.06.00199.

20. Alloway, B.J. (2013). Heavy Metals in Soils. In Alloway, B.J. (Ed.). Environmental Pollution, (pp. 11-50). Springer Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4470-7.

21. Singh Sidhu, G.P. (2016). Heavy Metal Toxicity in Soils: Sources, Remediation Technologies and Challenges. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.15406/apar.2016.05.00166.

22. Aksu, A. (2015). Sources of metal pollution in the urban atmosphere (A case study: Tuzla, Istanbul). Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 13(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201-015-0224-9.

23. Naderizadeh, Z., Khademi, H., & Ayoubi, S. (2016). Biomonitoring of atmospheric heavy metals pollution using dust deposited on date palm leaves in southwestern Iran. Atmsfera, 29(2), 141-155. https://doi.org/10.20937/ATM.2016.29.02.04.

24. Suvarapu, L.N., & Baek, S.O. (2016). Determination of heavy metals in the ambient atmosphere. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 33(1), 79-96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233716654827.

25. Tripathi, D.K., Singh, S., Singh, S., Mishra, S., Chauhan, D.K., & Dubey, N.K. (2015). Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: advances and future prospective. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-015-1870-3.

26. Ryzhenko, N.O., Kavetsky, S.V., & Kavetsky, V.M. (2018). Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni phytotoxicity assessment. Polish Journal of Soil Science, 50(2), 197. https://doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2017.50.2.197.

27. Zeng, G., Wan, J., Huang, D., Hu, L., Huang, C., Cheng, M., & Jiang, D. (2017). Precipitation, adsorption and rhizosphere effect: The mechanisms for Phosphate-induced Pb immobilization in soils Areview. Journal of Hazardous Materials, (339), 354-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.038.

28. Hussein, M.A., Theyab, M.A., Mahmood, Y.H., & Al-Hilali,B.M.I. (2020). Heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr) effects on soil and plants in street crossroads at Samarra city-Iraq. Materials Engineering & Science, 2231(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0000443.

29. Theyab, M.A., Al-Hilali, B.M.I., & Fadhil, M.A. (2020). Study the Effects of Shari Lake on the Physical and Chemical Properties for Groundwater in Samarra City. Defect and Diffusion Forum, (398), 173-178. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.398.173.

• < Prev
• Next >