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Environmental assessment of the intermetallic catalysts utilization efficiency for deactivation of the pollutants emitted by electrode production enterprises

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Category: Environmental safety, labour protection

Last Updated on 04 August 2016

Published on 04 August 2016

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Authors:

K.V.Belokon, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), Zaporozhye State Engineering Academy, Zaporizhia, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Y.A.Belokon, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), Assoc. Prof., Zaporozhye State Engineering Academy, Zaporizhia, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

G.B.Kozhemyakin, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), Prof., Zaporozhye State Engineering Academy, Zaporizhia, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

E.V.Matukhno, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), Assoc. Prof., National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract:

Purpose. The improvement of the processes of pollution abatement at electrode production enterprises aimed to raise air quality and comply with the environmental standards established in Ukraine.

Methodology. The catalysts efficiency was tested in the stream of exhaust gases produced by kilns and graphitization furnaces in a laboratory at temperatures from 100 to 500 °C and the volumetric gas flow rate W from 30 · 10³ to 120 · 10³ m³/m³·hr. In order to assess compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards of the area affected by the emissions, the ground-level concentrations of pollutants were calculated using the PLEINAIR-1.25 software before and after the introduction of the catalytic purification of exhaust gases. The software works in accordance with the document ОНД-86 “Method of Calculation of the Harmful Substances Concentration in the Air Polluted by Industrial Emissions” and was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine.

Findings. The modeling of the pollutants dispersion in the air showed exceeding ground-level concentrations in the residential area taking into account the initial levels of carbon monoxide, naphthalene, and phenol, which are 1.05 MPC, 1.1 MPC and 1.14 MPC respectively. The results proved the need for measures to minimize the emissions of these substances. We carried out comparative tests using the existing and the newly developed catalysts for neutralization of the exhaust gases from the kilns and graphitization furnaces. The results of the comparative tests showed that the developed catalyst cycle life is 1.6−1.7 times longer than that of the known nickel catalyst.

Application of the newly developed catalyst raised the degree of gases purification to 99.9 %. The neutralization of the waste gases vented by the kilns and graphitization furnaces using the developed catalyst resulted in the decrease of the ground-level concentrations of pollutants in the residential areas to the background level.

Originality. We proved theoretically and confirmed experimentally that the catalytic neutralization of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons by intermetallic catalysts results in the increase of environmental safety of the emissions.

Practical value. The method of deactivation of the waste gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons emitted from the kilns and graphitization furnaces by means of the intermetallic catalysts has been developed and recommended for implementation at the enterprise PAT “Ukrgrafit”.

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